An isometric representation is not really 2D and not really 3D. It's just an illusion of 3D.
By convention in an isometric drawing, a horizontal line is drawn at 30 degrees instead of 0. Vertical lines are still at 90. Distances are measured along those axes, so you get some unavoidable foreshortening. That is what's happening in your diagram. If you could build a 3D model and view it from the side, it would have a 60 degree angle. Since it's not 3D and you're not looking at it orthogonally, the angle doesn't appear to be 60. Because this is an illusion, there's no way to measure that angle directly. It's like trying to measure depth in a photograph, you're trying to get three-dimensional information out of two dimensions.
Well, Irm ninjaed me, but between the two of us, maybe you can get the idea.